Shamai Leibowitz – Informed Comment https://www.juancole.com Thoughts on the Middle East, History and Religion Mon, 20 Jan 2025 04:56:49 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.8.10 Tevet, Palindromes, and the Ceasefire in Gaza https://www.juancole.com/2025/01/tevet-palindromes-ceasefire.html Mon, 20 Jan 2025 05:06:13 +0000 https://www.juancole.com/?p=222620 ( The Times of Israel ) – On the occasion of the ceasefire in Gaza, let’s reflect on the current Hebrew month of Tevet: This word is a linguistic treat—it’s the only month that forms a palindrome, a word or phrase that reads the same backward and forward.

However, in Hebrew, this palindrome magic doesn’t hold up because the two “T” sounds in טֵבֵת come from two different letters: ט (tet) and ת (tav).

This begs the question: Why does the Hebrew alphabet have two letters for the same sound?

It turns out, they didn’t always sound identical! In ancient Hebrew, much like modern Arabic, these letters had distinct pronunciations:

ת (tav):

corresponds to the Arabic ت (tā) and has a, plain soft “T” sound like in the English word ‘top.’

ט (tet):

corresponds to the Arabic ط (ṭā) which has a heavy, emphatic “T” sound. It is pronounced with a deeper resonance, involving the throat and with more pressure on the tongue.

Over time, these subtle differences faded in most Hebrew dialects, merging the two sounds into one.

A great example is the Arabic word طَيِّب (ṭayyib), meaning “good” or “pleasant,” which parallels the Hebrew word טוֹב (tov) with the same meaning. Incidentally, it appears in our parsha this week – describing baby Moses:

“וַתֵּרֶא אֹתוֹ כִּי טוֹב הוּא”

“when she [his mother] saw how good/beautiful he was…” (Exodus 2:2)


Credit: ChatGPT

Both words not only share similar roots and meanings but also preserve the use of the emphatic “T” sound represented by ط in Arabic and ט in Hebrew, showing their shared Semitic roots.

The palindrome of Tevet symbolizes the desire for balance and harmony, much like the aspirations of the overwhelming majority of Israelis and Palestinians for this ceasefire to bring an end to the war on the Palestinians in Gaza, and the safe release of all the hostages.

But a palindrome symbolizes much more than a general wish for harmony and peace: you get what you give. If you give human rights and equality to all people living under your control, you get peaceful relations between different communities—even when they have vastly differing narratives. Benjamin Franklin summed up the connection between giving liberty and living in safety when he said:

Those who would give up essential liberty, to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety.

Reprinted from The Times of Israel with the author’s permission

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Gaza: Harris lost because her Party represented War Mongering, Q.E.D. https://www.juancole.com/2024/11/because-represented-mongering.html Fri, 08 Nov 2024 05:06:15 +0000 https://www.juancole.com/?p=221407 ( The Times of Israel) – My beloved grandmother Savta Greta z”l often liked to use the acronym “Q.E.D.”  – an abbreviation of the Latin phrase “quod erat demonstrandum” which means “that which was to be demonstrated” — signifying the end of a mathematical proof or logical argument. Essentially, it indicates the argument has been fully proven.

A week before the US elections I warned that Biden and Harris’s refusal for months to force a ceasefire on Israel, Hamas and Hezbollah—backed by a weapons embargo if Israel does not accept it—would cause Kamala Harris to lose the elections to Donald Trump.

Q.E.D.

In Hebrew, the equivalent acronym is:

מ.ש.ל – מה שצריך להוכיח [M.Š.L – Ma shetzarikh lehochee’ach]

It wasn’t just Muslim and Arab Americans staying home or voting 3rd party. Massive swaths of the center-left electorate are sickened by the ongoing massacres in Gaza and Lebanon.  To a lesser degree, they are also appalled by our continued support and weapons deliveries to fund a seemingly “war-with-no-end” in Ukraine instead of focusing on economic and bread-and-butter issues which the average American really cares about.

Both these bloody conflicts are continuing solely because they are financed and green-lighted by the Biden Administration. The thousands of Americans who stayed home or voted for Trump saw the US pouring billions of dollars into sustaining and keeping alive these bloody conflicts instead of using our superpower status and economic leverage to end these conflicts.

So Kamala Harris didn’t lose because she’s a woman or because she’s black. She lost because she and her party represented war mongering and war profiteering rather than helping the average American improve their health care, their paycheck, and their job prospects.


“QED,” Digital, Dream / Dreamland v3, IbisPaint, Clip2Comic, 2024.

Senator Bernie Sanders, who boldly supports a weapons embargo, pointed to this utter failure in his scathing letter today to the Democratic Party leadership, saying:

 Today…we remain the only wealthy nation not to guarantee health care to all as a human right and we pay, by far, the highest prices in the world for prescription drugs. We, alone among other countries, cannot even guarantee paid family and medical leave.

Today, we are left to ponder the “what ifs”: what if Biden and Harris forced a compromise on Putin and Zelensky in Ukraine? What if they stopped financing an unending, bloody conflict which Ukraine has no chance of winning anyway, and brokered a peace agreement between the two countries?!

More importantly, what if Biden and Harris—by threatening a weapons embargo on Israel — had ended the killing of tens of thousands of women and children (as of Aug. 15, 2024, per the United Nations, most of Gaza’s 40,000 killed are women and children), stopped the siege and the starvation – and brought home safely the hundred or so Israeli hostages? What if they had used that same leverage to really start a process—which admittedly will be difficult—to end the apartheid and occupation in the Israel-Palestine space?

While we will never know for certain, in all likelihood the Democrats would have prevailed—both in the Presidential and Congressional elections—and we would not be punished with the frightening prospect of President Trump.

Reprinted from The Times of Israel with the author’s permission.

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The Verse “Hear O Israel” is Common to Judaism and Islam https://www.juancole.com/2024/08/israel-common-judaism.html Mon, 26 Aug 2024 04:06:52 +0000 https://www.juancole.com/?p=220229

The verse “Shema Yisrael” is a testimony to God’s oneness. The same idea is central to Islam. A linguistic connection shows Judaism and Islam share much in common.

( The Times of Israel) – This Shabbat we read the second paragraph of the Shema, and last week we read the first paragraph which opens with a call — arguably the most famous prayer in our liturgy:

Listen, Israel: the Lord is our God, the Lord is one” (Deut. 6:4).


“The first paragraph of the Shema as written in a Mezuzah or Tefillin), July 2009, Picture taken from a Mezuzah or Tefillin.” Public domain. Wikimedia Commons.

The Masoretes determined that when written in the Torah scroll – 2 letters should have special formatting: The final letter of the first word שמע, ayin, and the final letter of the last word אחד, dalet, are enlarged (see pic). These two enlarged Hebrew letters spell the word עד, or “witness.” By saying the Shema, we are acting as a “witness” testifying to the existence and oneness of the Divine.

This concept of bearing witness to God’s oneness is central to Islam too, and is referred to as the ‘testimony‘ or Shahada (الشَّهَادَةُ).

It is part of the adhān, the call to prayer, and is considered one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

The word ‘Shahada’ derives from the same root of a Biblical monument to peace. When Jacob and Laban–who both felt wronged by the other–decided to let bygones be bygones, they erected a mound of stones as a witness their peace treaty. Laban called it in Aramaic יְגַר שָׂהֲדוּתָא, Yegar Sahaduta (like Shahada), while Jacob called it גַּלְעֵד Gal-ed – both meaning “Mound Witness(Genesis 31:47).

We see how roots and concepts are shared between Judaism and Islam.

Reprinted from The Times of Israel with the author’s permission.

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Does Compromise show Weakness or Strength? – A Surprising finding in the Talmud https://www.juancole.com/2023/11/compromise-weakness-surprising.html Wed, 15 Nov 2023 05:06:26 +0000 https://www.juancole.com/?p=215398 Growing up in Israel, the prevailing mentality surrounding me everywhere I went was that compromise shows weakness. The message was clear: compromise is a “Diaspora thing,” but for us Israelis – we stand strong, we take “what is ours,” and we don’t back down.

But my father Elhanan Leibowitz OBM (of blessed memory), whose yahrtzeit, or Jewish anniversary of death, occurs this week, taught us a very different version of Judaism. It was moral, nuanced, and always in search of authentic sources that emphasize a multi-faceted approach to Judaism.

In this video lesson, I analyze a Talmudic text that I shared with my father, in which a passage in Tractate Sanhedrin discusses whether compromise is to be avoided, accepted, or desired. As is typical in the Talmud, there are several opinions. But what did the great Jewish codifier Maimonides (12th cent.) – commonly known by the nickname Rambam – decide? And what happened when as a yeshiva student I wrote a letter to the editor applying the Talmudic conclusion to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

This is a video of the shiur I gave in memory of my father Elhanan Leibowitz z”l, with whom I discussed – many years ago – this Talmudic passage:

Samuel Leibowitz: “Does compromise show weakness or strength?”

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Leon Fleisher – the Pianist Who Reinvented Himself and Inspired the World https://www.juancole.com/2020/08/fleisher-reinvented-inspired.html Tue, 11 Aug 2020 04:03:13 +0000 https://www.juancole.com/?p=192506 It was a sad day for the music world when we heard that concert pianist, conductor, and teacher par excellence Leon Fleisher died on August 2 at the age of 92.

But it’s also an opportunity to celebrate the legacy of a great musician who was an inspiration to countless music lovers and anyone struggling to overcome adversity.

In his early career, Fleisher was an internationally-renowned pianist who made landmark recordings with acclaimed conductors. But when in his 30s he suffered a severe disability — loss of his ability to play with the right hand — he coped with this adversity by reinventing his career, and inspiring many others along the way.

I first heard Leon Fleisher perform live when he played a piece for the left-hand only—the Prokofiev Piano Concerto No. 4. It was a reminder that a disability need not preclude you from doing the things you love. You just have to work harder and be more creative.

Born in 1928 to Jewish immigrants from Odessa and Chelm, Fleisher began playing piano at 4, studied with the legendary Austrian-American pianist Artur Schnabel, and debuted with the New York Philharmonic at age 16.

After winning the prestigious Queen Elizabeth of Belgium competition, his reputation grew to international fame.

But when he was 36, at the height of his concert pianist career, he started suffering symptoms of a debilitating condition of his right hand: His fifth and fourth fingers would cramp and curl under.

He tried every possible therapy to find a cure for this mysterious malady. One doctor tried shock treatment; another put his hand in traction for 6 weeks. Some told him it was in his head, so he sought psychological help. But all his efforts at finding a cure were to no avail.

After more than 30 years of amazing success with the piano, Fleisher found he could no longer play the music that was such a part of his soul.

“It was hard to find words for the dark cloud that hovered over me: of anguish, of dejection, of rage. I fell into a deep depression . . . [but] I was stuck with my love of music. Something about it was still sustaining, and still worthwhile,” he wrote in his 2010 memoir, My Nine Lives.

And so, Fleisher reinvented his career.

First, there was the repertoire for left-hand only. Several famous compositions for the left-hand, such as the Prokofiev piece and the Ravel Piano Concerto, became his trademark.

Yet, there is no denying that high-level showpieces for piano left-hand and orchestra are few and far between. Compared to what he had played before, it was a huge disappointment.

Channeling his frustration into positive energy, Fleisher learned how to conduct, and became the music director of the semi-professional Annapolis Symphony Orchestra and later was named associate conductor of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra.

But it was mainly teaching where he found his calling. Fleisher threw himself into teaching at Peabody Institute, Johns Hopkins University’s school of music. His master classes (check out this one with Yo-Yo Ma) and lectures produced hundreds of talented musicians, and some of our generation’s leading pianists, including Andre Watts, Yefim Bronfman and Jonathan Biss.

In the mid-1990s, after he had tried “everything from acupuncture to Zen Buddhism,” Fleisher found a partial cure to the malady that afflicted him, focal dystonia, a neurological condition caused by repetitive tasks which causes contraction or spasm of the muscles.

A combination of Botox injections and Rolfing, a deep massage therapy, enabled him to resume playing with two hands. But he still had to pick his repertoire carefully, because he wasn’t completely cured.

When he celebrated his 90th birthday, Fleisher marked the occasion by giving a series of two-handed concerts with the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra.

I attended one of those performances. As he played Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 12, and the “elder-statesman” musician made the piano sing the Mozart melodies, you could hear—in between the notes—his message of finding hope and overcoming adversity.

His musical and academic achievements notwithstanding, Leon was known as an approachable, down-to-earth guy with a wry sense of humor.

Once, when serving as a judge in the International Rubinstein Piano Competition in Tel Aviv, one of the contestants played a Prokofiev Toccata faster and louder than anyone else. Fleisher turned to a fellow judge, and remarked: “Why does he hate his mother?” Fleisher believed in playing music to move people, not for showing off flashy virtuosity.

On being married three times, he said that while Opus 1 and Opus 2 didn’t work out so well, Katherine Jacobson—or Kathy—was his Eroica. “Eroica” is the epithet of Beethoven’s Third Symphony. “It means ‘heroic.’ It seemed to suit her very well,” Fleisher wrote. They were married for 38 years.

Leon believed in making classical music accessible to all. Following his marriage to Kathy, the couple organized concerts for youth in the “rough neighborhoods” of West Baltimore, and invited kids from the program to their Thanksgiving dinners. They set up the Fleisher-Jacobson International Children’s Education Foundation, which helps kids with schooling and other needs.

It’s unusual for classical music artists to wade into politics, but Fleisher didn’t shy away from standing up for what’s right and promoting human rights. When in 2007 he was going to be awarded the prestigious Kennedy Center Honors, he found himself in an inner struggle whether to accept the honor, because the event is traditionally attended by the President.

In an open letter in the Washington Post, “My White House Dilemma,” he protested the Bush White House’s policies regarding the Iraq War, the torture of prisoners, and other decisions that he said amounted to a “systematic shredding of our nation’s Constitution [that] have left us weak and shamed at home and in the world.” He ended up attending the event wearing a peace symbol and a purple ribbon.

Leon wrote: “The purpose of music is to communicate from the heart to the heart. Beethoven’s vision of music as a force capable of reconciling us to each other and to the world may today seem remote, but that renders it an ever more crucial ideal for which to strive.”

May the legacy of Leon Fleisher continue to inspire and help us achieve that goal.

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