Planets

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PLANETS. Arabic as-sayydrah السهارة
According to Arabic writers, there are Seven planets, called an-Najumu 's-Sayyarat النجم السيارات, or, collectively, as-Sayyarah, the wandering stars, as distinguished from fixed stars, or an-Najamu 's-sawabit النجوم التوالبت. These planets are said to be situated in the seven firmaments in the following order; (1). Al-Qamar, Moon; (2) Utarid, Mercury; (3) Zuhrah, Venus, (4) ash-Shams, Sun; (5) at-Mirrikh, Mars; (6) ai-Mushtari Jupiter; (7) Zuhal, Saturn. (Vide Kashaf-I-Istiluhat, in loco.) 
It will be seen that the Arabian arrangement of the planets is that of Ptolemy, who placed the earth in the centre of the universe, and nearest to it the moon, whose synodic revolution is the shortest of all, being performed in 29 1/2 days, Next to the moon he placed Mercury, who returns to his conjunctions in 116 days. After Mercury followed Venus, whose periodic time is 584 days. Beyond Venus he placed the Sun, then Mars, next Jupiter, and lastly Saturn, beyond which he fixed stars.

Based on <a href="https://www.juancole.com/library/books/encyclopedias/dictionary-of-islam-hughes ">Hughes, Dictionary of Islam</a>

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